Objectives

For master degree, international students must

1) Show respect for Chinese foreign policy, strictly obey the laws and regulations of the Chinese government and Zhengzhou University, remain positive attitudes and perceptions about learning, achieve academic excellence, and promote the friendly relations and cooperation between China and other countries.

2) Demonstrate general and integrated understanding in their main field of study, including the molecular, cellular and organ biology processes and the relationship with disease in humans.

3) Demonstrate in-depth knowledge of relevant experimental methods within the field of biomedicine and show a good ability to independently carry out research and practice within the field of biomedicine and medicine.

4) Demonstrate a good ability, both orally and in writing, to account for a biomedical problem/project in English.

Program Duration

Master program includes two parts, course study (around six months) and Clinical Practice /Scientific Research (two and half years). Generally, program lasts for 3 years. However, in certain instances, schooling length could be extended to 4 years.

Part 1: Courses Study (0.5 years)

Complete at least five basic degree courses (more than 8 credits) and pass the exams at the end of the 1st semester. Contact the supervisor and make a study plan under the professor's guidance. Pass the qualified exam.

Note: For the students who pass all exams of basic degree courses but do not pass qualified exam or do not have a tutor in the hospital, only can obtain master course-completion certificate from Zhengzhou University.

Part 2: Scientific Research and Clinical Practice (2.5 years)

International students are required to：

Conduct clinical rotation, study and research under the guidance from supervisors. During the Scientific Research and Clinical Practice period, the students should do the clinical research and practice in hospital (only for students majored in clinical medicine) under the instruction of the Supervisors. The details are listed in following sections. Complete the dissertation and defense

Note: In certain instances, program duration could be extended for one more year, which means students are allowed to complete postgraduate study within four years.

Course Requirements

The total credits for each international student of the master program: a minimum of 15 credits.

1. Basic degree courses: Master students are required to take at least 5 basic degree courses (at least 8 credits) in the 1st semester.

2. Professional Course (3 credits): offered by supervisor or committee members, which provides the general conceptions and structures as well as the new progress in the specific fields. Under the guidance of supervisors, students can take the credits by different ways:

l Classical literature review– Master students submit TWO reports to the supervisor group (1 credit for each report) before deadline.

l Lecture – The lectures will generally be provided by supervisors or specialists in the field. Taking the exams can be seen as an assessment method.

l Seminar – Assessment methods also can be selected by supervisors.

3. Lecture & Presentation (3 credits): Master students shall attend lectures of their major fields and give presentations at least 3 times, which should be marked by supervisors.

4. Clinical Practice (1 credit) (For students majored in clinical medicine): Clinical rotations enable students to experience and practice within a hospital. The clinical rotations should be arranged under the supervisor of students’ tutor. Master students are required to complete at least 6 months’ clinical rotation and need to rotate through various departments. Clinical assessment is made by Department directors or supervisor. Unqualified candidates cannot attend dissertation defense and apply for graduation on time.

Mid-Term Assessment

Usually, the mid-term assessment is arranged in the 3rd semester. Students should report their progress both in the research project and studies. The qualification will be evaluated by supervisors and the specialists in different aspects such as daily performance, research ability, dissertation proposal and preliminary data. Qualified candidates are allowed to continue their studies, while unqualified candidates cannot get their master degree. The assessment and relevant records should be kept or reference.

Dissertation Writing and Graduation

Research Duration：In order to complete the dissertation, master students are required to do the research and investigation for at least one and half years.

1. Topic Selection and Dissertation Proposal

Before starting the proposal, master students must complete the literature review of no less than 30 relevant papers, which will be evaluated, marked and recorded by supervisor group (at least 3 group members). The topic of dissertation proposal has to refer to students’ major fields or other related areas. The evaluation group will be established by a director/supervisor and 3 to 5 specialists.

Dissertation proposal should be completed in the second semester. The following contents should be included in dissertation proposal: Objective or aims of the project, Background and preliminary data, Research design & research contents, Methods, Possible problems and solutions, Feasibility & Novelty, Scheduling, budget and so forth. The completed proposal must be fully evaluated and qualified by the evaluation committee before the research topic could be determined. The dissertation proposal and relevant records should be kept for reference.

2. Dissertation Progress Tracking

In order to ensure that the project keeps going in the right direction, master students are required to report their research process at least 2 times before completing the dissertation. The supervisor and committee members are in charge of providing suggestions and directions about student’s work. These reports need to be recorded and kept for reference.

3. Master Pre-defense:

One month before the submission of dissertation and application for defense, a public pre-defense will be organized by the school degree evaluation committee. The procedure and time requirement are exactly the same with formal defense. Besides, other arrangements about pre-defense are carried out according to relevant provisions of Graduate School.

Notes: ALL SHOULD BE REPORTED DURING THE WHOLE PROJECT, IF THE PROJECT OR THE TOPIC OF DISSERTATION IS CHANGED, IT SHOULD BE FORMAL DOCUMENTED.

4. Dissertation Requirements

Degree dissertation shall be data reliable, analysis reasonable and appropriate, meet the requirements of writing standards, and have high academic value. Master students are required to complete their dissertation on the basis of clinical practice and scientific research training.

5. Academic Requirements

Publish a paper on a formal journal or the SCI journal (The published paper must be related to your dissertation research). Student must be the first-primary author (Zhengzhou University as primary institution of primary author). The students will not get their degree until they get the formal published paper.

Curriculum of Program

Section 1 Research Direction

※Surgery (Orthopedics)

1. Bone wound New type development of fracture internal fixation, Spinal cord injuries, Multiple trauma, Development and application of medical biological materials.

2. Spine surgery Fundamental research, Spinal biomechanics, The biochemical and ultrastructural study of the cervical intervertebral disc, Etiology and treatment of cervical spondylosis, The research of spinal ligament ossification disease, The research of new type of internal fixation apparatus in the spine, spinal endoscope and intraoperative spinal cord monitoring.

3.Joint surgery Related factors discussion of Osteoarthritis pathogenesis, Research on etiology diagnosis and treatment of the aseptic necrosis of the femoral head, Research and ial joints.

4.Bone tumors Research on causes, early diagnosis, limb salvage treatment, gene therapy of bone tumors.

5.Related issues study of microsurgery

6.Related issues of microtechnique repair

※Surgery (Urology)

1.Urology phymatology Major project study of urology phymatology，to discuss the causes, gene basis, biological behaviour, prevention, treatment of urinary system tumors.

2. Andrology The emphasis was (is based) on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment strategies of male diseases.

3. Blood purification and Kidney transplant Research on the possible applications of hemodialysis and its various influences on the organism. To explore kidney transplant rejection mechanism and countermeasures.

4. Prostate disease

5. Emphatically study the pathogenesis of prostate disease from the molecular level and explore the possible prevention and treatment of prostate disease.

6. Renal cystic disease Study the pathogenesis, genetic basis and treatment of renal cystic disease.

7. Urinary calculi Study the formation mechanism, recent advances in diagnosis and treatment methods (conservative treatment and lumen gravel operation) of urinary calculi.

※Surgery (General surgery)

1.Basic and clinical research on breast disease Research on biological characteristics of breast cancer, research and discussion about the surgical operation and rational comprehensive therapy of breast cancer, analysis of prognostic factors in breast cancer and its prevention strategies, etcetera.

2. Basic and clinical research on gastrointestinal disease Focus on biological characteristics of gastric carcinoma and colorectal carcinoma, mechanism of lymphatic metastasis and peritoneal cavity implantation metastasis, discussion about the methods and techniques for early diagnosis of tumor, judgment on surgical methods and therapeutic effect of rational comprehensive therapy, etcetera.

3.Basic and clinical research on hepatobiliary disease Focus on gallstone formation, analysis of stone composition and prevention, cholelithiasis treatment options and judgment on its therapeutic effect, discussion about the relationship between cholelithiasis and biliary tree tumor, etcetera; preoperative diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder polyps properties. Genetic testing of hepatobiliary tumor and discussion about experimental gene therapy, tumor cell culture and experimental research, application and therapeutic effect of surgical operation and comprehensive therapy in treating hepatobiliary tumor, etcetera.

4.Basic and clinical research on pancreas and thyroid disease Genetic testing of thyroid and Pancreatic tumor, discussion about experimental gene therapy, tumor cell culture and experimental research, application and therapeutic effect of surgical operation and comprehensive therapy in treating thyroid and Pancreatic tumor, etc

5.Basic and clinical research on organ transplantation by general surgery Experimental research and clinical application of liver transplantation; bowel transplantation; pancreas transplantation; parathyroid transplantation, discussion about preservation and protection of transplanted organ and its immunomodulatory; preoperative preparation; treatment of postoperative complications; selection of surgical indications; improvement of surgical methods.

6.Basic and clinical research on portal hypertension and vascular disease Research on pathophysiological mechanism of portal hypertension. Discussion about surgical methods of devascularization; shunts; joint surgery, pathogenesis and surgical methods of peripheral vascular and macrovascular disease.

※Surgery (Cardiac Surgery)

1.Surgical therapy and basic research of acquried heart disease

2.Surgical therapy and basic research of congenital heart disease

3.Gene therapy

4.Heart transplantation and basic research

5.The research of myocardial protection

※Surgery (Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery)

(1)Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery

Conduct Basic and clinic(clinical)research on common and frequently-occurring diseases of aesthetic and plastic surgery which include wound healing, cicatrix, keloid, superficial mass, pigmentary diseases, obesity, female and male breast lesions, facial senility etc. by taking research techniques of plastic surgery or other associated subjects in order to healing (heal) diseases,reconstructing (reconstruct) shape and improving (improve) appearance.

(2)Burns surgery

1.Burn wound management Basic and clinical researches on determination of depth of burns, burn wound management and skin wound covering.

2.The burn pathophysiology Basic and clinical researches on burn shock, infection and immunity of burn, metabolism and nutrition in burn.

3.Burn complications Mainly conduct the basic and clinical research on apathogenesis and prevention of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS)and burn scars.

※Surgery (Neurosurgery）

1.Basic and clinical research on brain trauma.

2.Tumorigenesis and comprehensive therapy study for(of)brain tumor.

3.Basic and clinical research on cerebrovascular disease.

4.Basic and clinical research on myeleterosis

Section 2 Curriculum

※Surgery (Orthopedics)

Conventional inspection and treatment technique of orthopaedics

Diagnosis and treatment of common orthopaedic disease

Operative technique of wound,fracture and dislocation.

Cervical Spondylosis

Fracture and dislocation

Prolapse of intervertebral disc

Arthritis

Bone tumor

Debridement principle

※Surgery (Urology)

Concretion,obstruction,wound and tumor of male urogenital system

Renal colic

Acute urinary retention

Injury of urogenital system

Cather use

Urogenital System inflammation

Hyperplasia of prostrate

Cryptochidism

Congenital hypospadias

Nephrotuberculosis

Bladder cancer

Renal Neoplasm

Prostrate cancer

Ureterolithotomy

Partial cystectomy

※Surgery (General surgery)

Suture

Ligation

Appendectomy

Inguinal Hernia

Femoral Herniorrhaphy

Carbuncle

Acute mastitis

Lymphadenitis

Anal fistula

Phelebitis

Hemorrhoid

Abscess

Superficial tumor

Thyroidectomy

Breast carcinoma

Cholecystectomy

Sub total gastroectomy

Intestinal obstruction and resection

※Surgery (Cardiac Surgery)

Esophageal Cancer

Lung Cancer

Chest Injury

Hemothorax

Pneumothorax

Closed thoracic drainage

Thoracotomy

Lobectomy

※Surgery (Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery)

Basic principles,the common techniques and the instrumentation of suction lipectomy including tumescence, standard and ultrasonic liposuctionvarious techniques for tissue expansion and be familiar with the differing expansion devices.

physiologic and pathologic principles of dermabrasion,chemical peel and laser resurfacing;recognize the differences between the techniques and the indications for choice between the techniques.

biophysical properties of commonly used lasers,and choose different lasers for different types of problems.

※Surgery (Neurosurgery）

Cerebrovascular Surgery

Neurosurgical Oncology

Neurotrauma and Neurosurgical Critical Care

Pain Management

Pediatric Neurosurgery

Surgery of the Peripheral Nervous System

Spinal Surgery

Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery

Section 3 the catalogue of main classic works and academic journals that need to be read

Journals

1.”American Journal of Surgery” , “Surgery”

2.”British Journal of Surgery”, “Hepatology”

3.“Surgical Clinics of North America”

4. ”Journal of Pediatric Surgery”

5.”Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery”

6. “Journal of Neurosurgery”

7. “Journal of Urology”

8. “British Journal of Urology”

9. “ Annals of Thoracic Surgery”

10. “The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery”